Neurosurgeon Donald M. O’Rourke, MD, discusses recent developments in postsurgical immunological therapy for glioblastomas. Dr O’Rourke reviews brain cancer vaccine trials at Penn Medicine, focusing on the EGFRvIII peptide vaccine, offers a synopsis of the application at Penn of adoptive T cell therapy to the brain cancers and considers GBM-surface antigens for CAR therapy in glioma.